Challenges and Opportunities of the Human-Centered Design Approach: Case Study Development of an Assistive Device for the Navigation of Persons With Visual Impairment

Mario Andres Chavarria   ^{1, 2, 3 *} , PhD ;   Luisa María Ortiz-Escobar   ^{2, 4 *} , MSc ;   Bladimir Bacca-Cortes   ^{5 *} , PhD ;   Victor Romero-Cano   ^{6 *} , PhD ;   Isabella Villota   ^{2 *} , BEng ;   Jhon Kevin Muñoz Peña   ^{5 *} , MSc ;   José Roberto Londoño Sánchez   ^{2 *} , BEng ;   Oscar Campo   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Silvan Suter   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Jhon Jairo Cabrera-López   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Maria Fernanda Sanchez Patiño   ^{7 *} , OTR ;   Eduardo Francisco Caicedo-Bravo   ^{5 *} , PhD, Prof Dr ;   Michael Stein   ^{8 *} , PhD ;   Samia Hurst   ^{4 *} , MD, PhD, Prof Dr Med ;   Klaus Schönenberger   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Minerva Rivas Velarde   ^{3, 4 *} , PhD, Prof Dr

¹ EssentialTech Centre, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

² Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería Biomédica, GBIO, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Cali, Colombia

³ Geneva School of Health Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland

⁴ Institute of Ethics, History, and Humanities, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

⁵ School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia

⁶ School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom

⁷ Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia

⁸ Harvard Law School Project on Disability, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States

*all authors contributed equally